Welcome to the Northern Heart Hospital Penang blog, your trusted source for expert insights into essential heart procedures. In this post, we will delve into Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR), a state-of-the-art, minimally invasive technique designed to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Whether you or a loved one has been advised to consider EVAR, this comprehensive guide aims to provide the information you need to feel informed and empowered.
At Northern Heart Hospital Penang, our mission is to ensure that patients receive world-class care using the latest technology. With our expert team of vascular surgeons and dedicated support staff, we are here to answer your questions and guide you through this life-saving procedure.
What is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a bulging or weakening of the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. As this section of the aorta weakens, it can enlarge and form an aneurysm, which poses a serious risk. If the aneurysm ruptures, it may lead to life-threatening internal bleeding.
Many patients with an AAA may not experience any symptoms until it becomes critical. However, some might feel abdominal or back pain or notice a pulsing sensation near their navel. Regular check-ups and screenings, especially for those at higher risk, such as older adults or individuals with a family history of heart disease, are vital for early detection.
How Does EVAR Work?
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive procedure that treats AAAs. Instead of making a large incision in the abdomen, which is common in traditional surgery, EVAR uses small incisions in the groin to access the aorta. A stent graft, a tube made of synthetic material and metal mesh, is then inserted through these incisions and placed at the site of the aneurysm. This stent graft reinforces the weakened section of the aorta and significantly reduces the risk of rupture.
This procedure is typically performed under general or regional anaesthesia. Patients often experience less discomfort and a shorter recovery period compared to open surgery, which makes EVAR an attractive option for many.
Why Choose EVAR Over Traditional Surgery?
When comparing EVAR to traditional open surgery, the advantages of the minimally invasive approach become clear. Traditional surgery involves a lengthy recovery due to a significant incision in the abdomen, which can lead to increased pain and a longer hospital stay. Patients may need to stay in the hospital for a week or longer following open surgery, while EVAR typically allows patients to leave within a few days.
One of the most appealing aspects of EVAR is the quicker recovery it offers. Most patients can return to their daily activities within a few weeks, with a far lower risk of complications. This means less time away from work and family, and more time enjoying life.
At Northern Heart Hospital Penang, we are committed to ensuring our patients experience a safe and efficient procedure with the highest quality care.
Who is a Candidate for EVAR?
Determining whether you are a candidate for EVAR involves several important factors. Generally, EVAR is recommended for patients with AAAs that are larger than 5 cm in diameter or those that are growing rapidly. The decision is also influenced by the shape and health of your blood vessels.
For many, age and underlying health conditions make open surgery a risky choice. Those with cardiovascular issues or complications from diabetes may find EVAR a more suitable option. Our vascular surgeons will conduct a thorough evaluation, often including imaging studies like a CT scan, to assess your specific situation and recommend the best treatment plan.
What Happens During the EVAR Procedure?
The EVAR procedure typically lasts 2 to 3 hours and is performed in a controlled environment. You will receive anaesthesia to ensure your comfort, and the surgeon will make small incisions in the groin to access the femoral arteries. A thin wire will be guided through your arteries to the site of the aneurysm, followed by the catheter, which will deliver the stent graft.
The stent graft is positioned precisely at the aneurysm site and expanded, sealing off the aneurysm from the blood flow. Throughout the procedure, our surgical team will monitor your vitals and communicate with you to ensure your comfort and safety.
After the stent is successfully placed, the small incisions will be closed. This entire process may feel surreal, but rest assured, you are in expert hands. Our dedicated team at Northern Heart Hospital Penang will ensure every detail is attended to, and you will be supported throughout your experience.
Recovery and Aftercare
One of the most significant benefits of EVAR is the shorter recovery time. After the procedure, most patients are encouraged to get up and walk within 24 hours. You will typically spend 2 to 3 days in the hospital, where our attentive nursing staff will monitor your progress and provide any necessary pain management.
Once you return home, you will receive clear guidance on how to care for yourself. Mild discomfort around the incision sites is common, but this usually resolves quickly. While you can gradually resume your daily activities, it’s important to avoid heavy lifting or strenuous exercise for several weeks to allow your body to heal.
Follow-up appointments are essential after an EVAR procedure. These visits typically occur within the first month and then at regular intervals thereafter. During these appointments, we will perform imaging studies to monitor the stent graft and ensure everything is functioning as it should.
At Northern Heart Hospital, we understand that the journey doesn’t end with the procedure. Our team is dedicated to providing comprehensive aftercare and support, guiding you through recovery and monitoring your heart health in the long term.
What Are the Risks and Complications of EVAR?
While EVAR is generally safe, no procedure is without risks. Potential complications include endoleak, where blood continues to flow into the aneurysm despite the stent graft, and infection at the incision sites. These issues are rare but are closely monitored by our surgical team.
Stent migration, where the stent moves from its original position, is another possibility that may require additional intervention. Lastly, the use of contrast dye during imaging studies can impact kidney function, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney issues.
However, our skilled team at Northern Heart Hospital takes every precaution to minimise these risks. By conducting thorough pre-operative assessments and utilising state-of-the-art imaging technology, we ensure that you receive the safest and most effective care possible.
Why Choose Northern Heart Hospital Penang for EVAR?
Our facilities are equipped with the latest imaging technology, allowing us to provide accurate diagnoses and guide your treatment effectively. What truly sets us apart is our dedicated support team, who are here to assist you every step of the way. From your initial consultation to your recovery, we prioritise your well-being and ensure that you have all the information you need.
We believe in personalising your care to suit your unique needs, taking the time to explain the procedure, address your concerns, and provide the reassurance you deserve.
Conclusion
If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) offers a safe and effective treatment option. At Northern Heart Hospital Penang, we combine cutting-edge technology with compassionate care, ensuring our patients receive the best possible treatment.
Our expert team is here to guide you through every step of the EVAR process, from diagnosis to recovery. With our minimally invasive approach, we aim to help you regain your health and enjoy life to the fullest.
If you have any questions or would like to learn more about EVAR or other heart procedures, please do not hesitate to contact Northern Heart Hospital Penang today. Together, we can help protect your heart and safeguard your health for the future.
Stay informed, stay heart-healthy!